Eloisa Corporation follows the PE GAAP future income taxes method. Information about Eloisa Corporation’s income before taxes of $633,000 for its year ended December 31, 2011, includes the following:
1. CCA reported on the 2011 tax return exceeded depreciation reported on the income statement by $100,000. This difference, plus the $150,000 accumulated taxable temporary difference at January 1, 2011, is expected to reverse in equal amounts over the four-year period from 2012 to 2015.
2. Dividends received from taxable Canadian corporations were $15,000.
3. Rent collected in advance and included in taxable income as at December 31, 2010, totalled $60,000 for a three-year period. Of this amount, $40,000 was reported as unearned for book purposes at December 31, 2011. Unearned revenue is reported as a current liability by Eloisa if it will be recognized in income within 12 months from the balance sheet date. Eloisa paid a $2,880 interest penalty for late income tax instalments. The interest penalty is not deductible for income tax purposes at any time.
4. Equipment was disposed of during the year for $90,000. The equipment had a cost of $105,000 and accumulated depreciation to the date of disposal of $37,000. The total proceeds on the sale of these assets reduced the CCA class; in other words, no gain or loss is reported for tax purposes.
5. Eloisa recognized a $75,000 loss on impairment of a long-term investment whose value was considered impaired.
The Income Tax Act only permits the loss to be deducted when the investment is sold and the loss is actually realized. The investment was accounted for at amortized cost.
6. The tax rates are 40% for 2011, and 35% for 2012 and subsequent years. These rates have been enacted and known for the past two years.
Instructions
(a) Calculate the balance in the Future Income Tax Asset/Liability account at December 31, 2010.
(b) Calculate the balance in the Future Income Tax Asset/Liability account at December 31, 2011.
(c) Prepare the journal entries to record income taxes for 2011.
(d) Indicate how the Future Income Tax Asset/Liability account(s) will be reported on the comparative balance sheets for 2010 and 2011.
(e) Prepare the income tax expense section of the income statement for 2011, beginning with “Income before income taxes.”
(f) Calculate the effective rate of tax. Provide a reconciliation and explanation of why this differs from the statutory rate of 40%. Begin the reconciliation with the statutory rate.
(g) How would your response to (d) change if Eloisa reported under IFRS?
(a) Excess CCA over Deprec. | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2015 | | Total |
Future taxable amounts | | $ 37,500 | | $ 37,500 | | $ 37,500 | | $ 37,500 | | $ 150,000 |
Tax rate enacted for the year | | 35% | | 35% | | 35% | | 35% | | |
Future tax liability | | $ 13,125 | | $ 13,125 | | $ 13,125 | | $ 13,125 | | $ 52,500 |
Unearned Rent | | 2011 | | 2012 | | 2013 | | Total |
Future deductible amounts | | $20,000 | | $20,000 | | $20,000 | | $60,000 |
Tax rate enacted for the year | | 40% | | 35% | | 35% | | |
Future tax asset | | $8,000 | | $ 7,000 | | $7,000 | | $22,000 |
Balance | | | Deductible | | | (PE GAAP) |
Sheet | | | (Taxable) | | Future Tax | Current |
Account | Carrying | Tax | Temporary | Tax | Asset | or Long- |
Dec. 31, 2010 | Amount | Basis | Differences | Rate | (Liability) | Term |
PP&E (table above) | * | * | ($150,000) | 35% | ($52,500) | LT |
Unearned Rent (table above) | $20,000 | | 20,000 | 40% | 8,000 | C |
Unearned Rent (table above) | 40,000 | | 40,000 | 35% | 14,000 | LT |
Future income tax liability, December 31, 2010 | ($30,500) | |
* Amounts not given in the problem
(b)
Calculation of effect of disposal of equipment on temporary differences:
Original cost of disposed equipment | $ 105,000 | | | |||||||||||
Accumulated Depreciation of disposed equipment | (37,000) | | | |||||||||||
Reduction in carrying amount of equipment | | 68,000 | | | ||||||||||
Reduction in CCA pool (UCC) for proceeds | | 90,000 | | | ||||||||||
Reversing difference in 2011 | | 22,000 | | $22,000 | ||||||||||
CCA > depreciation, 2011 | | | | 100,000 | ||||||||||
Excess of carrying amount over tax basis, January 1, 2011 | | | | 150,000 | ||||||||||
Excess of carrying amount over tax basis, Dec.31, 2011 | | | $272,000 | |||||||||||
Carrying amount > tax basis, equipment | | 2012 | | 2013 | | 2014 | | 2015 | | Total |
Future taxable amounts | | $ 68,000 | | $ 68,000 | | $ 68,000 | | $ 68,000 | | $ 272,000 |
Tax rate enacted for the year | | 35% | | 35% | | 35% | | 35% | | |
Future tax liability | | $ 23,800 | | $ 23,800 | | $ 23,800 | | $ 23,800 | | $ 95,200 |
Unearned Rent | | 2012 | | 2013 | | Total |
Future deductible amounts | | $20,000 | | $ 20,000 | | $40,000 |
Tax rate enacted for the year | | 35% | | 35% | | |
Future tax asset | | $7,000 | | $ 7,000 | | $14,000 |
Balance | | | (Taxable) | | Future | (PE GAAP) |
Sheet | | | Deductible | | Tax | Current |
Account | Carrying | Tax | Temporary | Tax | Asset | or Long- |
Dec. 31, 2011 | Amount | Basis | Differences | Rate | (Liability) | Term |
PP&E (table above) | * | * | ($272,000) | 35% | ($95,200) | LT |
Unearned Rent (table above) | $20,000 | 0 | 20,000 | 35% | 7,000 | C |
Unearned Rent (table above) | 20,000 | 0 | 20,000 | 35% | 7,000 | LT |
LT Investment | * | * | 75,000 | 35% | 26,250 | LT |
Future income tax liability, December 31, 2011 | (54,950) | | ||||
Future income tax liability before adjustment | (30,500) | | ||||
Incr. in future income tax liability and future income tax expense for 2011 | ($24,450) | |
* Amounts not given in the problem
(c)
Future Income Tax Expense........... 24,450
Future Income Tax Asset............. 18,250*
($26,250 + $7,000 + $7,000 – op. bal. $22,000)
Future Income Tax Liability......... 42,700 *
($95,200 – op. bal. $52,500)
* Alternately
Future Income Tax Asset/Liability 24,450
Accounting income | | $633,000 |
Permanent differences: | | |
Dividends received that are not taxable | ($15,000) | |
Late interest penalties on tax instalments | 2,880 | (12,120) |
| | 620,880 |
Reversing differences: | | |
Gain on disposal of equipment | | (22,000) |
Impairment loss on investments | | 75,000 |
Excess of rent revenue over cash received ($60,000 – $40,000) | | (20,000) |
CCA > Depreciation | | (100,000) |
Taxable income | | $553,880 |
Current income taxes at 40% current rate | | $221,552 |
Current Income Tax Expense.......... 221,552
Income Tax Payable.............. 221,552
(d)
2011 2010
Current assets
Future income tax asset $7,000 $8,000
Long-term liabilities
Future income tax liability 61,950 38,500
Under PE GAAP, future tax assets and future tax liabilities are segregated into current and non-current categories. The classification of an individual future tax liability or asset as current or non-current is determined by the classification of the asset or liability underlying the specific temporary difference.
(e)
Income statement presentation: | | | | ||||
Income before income taxes | | | | $633,000 | |||
Income taxes | | | | | |||
Current income taxes | | $ 221,552 | | | |||
Future income taxes | | 24,450 | | 246,002 | |||
Net income | | | | $386,998 | |||
(f) | | | | | | Divided by | ||
| | | | | | Accounting | ||
| | | | @ 40% | | Income | ||
Accounting income | $633,000 | | $253,200 | | 40.0% | |||
Non-taxable dividends | (15,000) | | (6,000) | | (1.0)% | |||
Non-deductible penalties | 2,880 | | 1,152 | | 0.2% | |||
| | | | $248,352 | | 39.2% | ||
Net taxable temporary differences taxed at lower 35% rate: | | | | |||||
($272,000 – $150,000) X 5% = ($6,100) | | | | |||||
$75,000 X 5% = 3,750 | (2,350) | | (0.4)% | |||||
| | | $246,002 | | 38.8% | |||
Effective tax rate ($246,002 / $633,000) | | 38.8% | ||||||
The effective tax rate differs from the statutory rate because there is no tax effect on the permanent differences, and because of the deferment of taxes to the future at a 35% rate rather than the current rate of 40%.
(g)
Balance sheet classification:
2011 2010
Long-term liabilities
Future income tax liability 54,950 30,500
IFRS require that all deferred tax assets and liabilities be reported as non-current items on a classified statement of financial position.
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